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Yothu Yindi (Yolngu for "child and mother") were an Australian musical group with Aboriginal and ''balanda'' (non-Aboriginal) members formed in 1986. The Aboriginal members came from Yolngu homelands near Yirrkala on the Gove Peninsula in Northern Territory's Arnhem Land.〔〔 Founding members included Stuart Kellaway on bass guitar, Cal Williams on lead guitar, Andrew Belletty (Drums), Witiyana Marika on ''manikay'' (traditional vocals), ''bilma'' (ironwood clapsticks) and dance, Milkayngu Mununggurr on ''yidaki'' (didgeridoo), Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu on keyboards, guitar and percussion, and leader Mandawuy Yunupingu on vocals and guitar.〔〔〔 The band combined aspects of both musical cultures, their sound varying from traditional Aboriginal songs to modern pop and rock songs, where they blended the typical instruments associated with pop/rock bands, such as guitars and drums, with the traditional ''yidaki'' and ''bilma''.〔〔〔 They adapted traditional Yolngu dance performances to accompany their music, more broadly they promoted mutual respect and understanding in the coming together of different cultures.〔〔 Yothu Yindi's most widely known song "Treaty" peaked at No. 11 on the ARIA singles charts in 1991 and the related album ''Tribal Voice'' peaked at No. 4 on the ARIA albums charts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yothu Yindi discography )〕 The second single from ''Tribal Voice'' was "Djäpana (Sunset Dreaming)" which peaked at No. 13 in 1992.〔 Their debut album was ''Homeland Movement'' in 1988 on Mushroom Records, other albums are ''Tribal Voice'' in 1991, ''Freedom'' in 1993, ''Birrkuta - Wild Honey'' in 1996, ''One Blood'' in 1998 and ''Garma'' in 2000.〔 The group helped established the Yothu Yindi Foundation in 1990 to promote Yolngu cultural development, including from 1999 producing the annual Garma Festival of Traditional Cultures and as from May 2007 running the ''Dilthan Yolngunha'' (Healing Place).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yothu Yindi Foundation )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yothu Yindi Foundation )〕 Chairman of the foundation is Galarrwuy Yunupingu.〔 He is Mandawuy's older brother, a Yolgnu clan leader and sometimes a member of Yothu Yindi on ''bilma'' and guitar.〔〔〔 Galarrwuy had been named Australian of the Year in 1978 for his work for Aboriginal communities and Mandawuy was Australian of the Year for 1992 for his work with Yothu Yindi.〔〔〔 In December 2012, the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) inducted the band into the ARIA Hall of Fame, as part of the ARIA Music Awards of 2012. ==Early years: 1986–1990== Swamp Jockeys was formed in 1985 by ''balanda'' (European/non-Aboriginal people) Andrew Belletty on drums, Stuart Kellaway on bass guitar and Cal Williams on lead guitar〔 on their tour of Arnhem Land in Australia's Northern Territory. They were supported by a Yolngu band composed of Witiyana Marika on ''manikay'' (traditional vocals), ''bilma'' (ironwood clapsticks) and dance, Milkayngu Mununggurr on ''yidaki'' (didgeridoo), Gurrumul 'The Guru' Yunupingu on keyboards, guitar and percussion, and Mandawuy Yunupingu (born Bakamana Yunupingu) on vocals and guitar.〔〔 They united to form Yothu Yindi (pronounced 'yo-thoo yin-dee'), ''yothu yindi'' is a Yolngu ''matha'' (Yolngu language) kinship term for "child and mother".〔〔 The band combines aspects of both musical cultures. Their sound varies from traditional Aboriginal songs to modern pop and rock songs in which they blend the typical instruments of pop/rock bands, such as guitars and drums, with the traditional ''yidaki'' and ''bilma''.〔〔 They have adapted traditional Yolngu dance performances to accompany their music. More broadly they promote mutual respect and understanding of different cultures.〔〔 Mandawuy Yunupingu was a tertiary student studying to become a teacher. He became principal at his own Yirrkala Community School, and touring by Yothu Yindi was restricted to school holidays in the band's early years.〔〔 In August 1988 they performed in Townsville, Queensland, at the South Pacific Festival of Arts. The next month they represented Australia in Seoul, South Korea at the Cultural Olympics. Bart Willoughby (ex-No Fixed Address, Coloured Stone) joined on drums in late 1988 and Yothu Yindi toured USA and Canada as support act to Midnight Oil. Upon their return to Australia, they were signed to Mushroom Records, and with Leszek Karski (ex-Supercharge) producing, recorded their debut single "Mainstream", released in March 1989. It was followed by debut album ''Homeland Movement'' in May; a second single "Djäpana (Sunset Dreaming)" was released in August.〔〔 Neither their singles nor album had any major chart success.〔 Yothu Yindi toured with Neil Young in Australia, then head-lined in Papua New Guinea and Hong Kong. In 1990 they toured New Zealand with Tracy Chapman, and then performed in festivals in the UK.〔〔 In 1990 five clans of the Yolngu formed the Yothu Yindi Foundation to promote Yulngu cultural development.〔 Chairman of the foundation is Galarrwuy Yunupingu,〔 Mandawuy's older brother, a Yolngu clan leader and sometimes a member of Yothu Yindi on ''bilma'' and guitar.〔〔〔 Galarrwuy had been named Australian of the Year in 1978 for his work for Aboriginal communities.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yothu Yindi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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